[转贴]汶川特大地震 复发至少还要3000年
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 32pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">汶川</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">级强烈地震地表破裂带在哪里?大区域地表如何变形?中国地震局地质研究所所长、国家汶川地震专家委员会南北带地震构造研究组组长张培震</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">26</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">日向全国人大常委会组成人员作了详细讲解。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">在地震发生的短短一分多钟时间内,地壳深部的岩石中形成了一条长约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">300</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">公里、深达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">30</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">公里的大断裂,其中的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">200</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">余公里出露地表,形成沿映秀—北川断裂分布的地表破裂带。另外,龙门山与成都平原交界的都江堰—江油断裂也发生了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">60</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">多公里的破裂。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">张培震表示,由于地震的能量主要沿断裂释放,造成地震破坏在垂直于断裂的方向上衰减很快,所以这次地震对成都平原没有造成太大的破坏。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">张培震指出,这次地震还引起了大区域的地表变形。震后的全球定位系统</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">观测表明,龙门山和四川盆地除了在水平方向上发生大幅度的相向运动外,龙门山大幅度上升,其幅度正在测算过程中。四川盆地相对下降,下降幅度在沿龙门山前的安县、都江堰一带最大,达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">30-60</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">厘米,向东迅速变小。这种大尺度的地表变形是地震引起的弹性暂态形变,随着时间的推移会逐渐停息,恢复到原来的稳定运动状态。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">张培震说,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">观测表明,整个龙门山推覆断裂带的构造变形速率很小,只有每年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">3-4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">毫米。但是,从若尔盖草原向西的整个青藏高原东部向东和向北的运动速率都很大,到龙门山的突然变慢说明应变和能量在龙门山发生积累。龙门山断裂带滑动速率的缓慢还导致强震复发周期的加长,估计龙门山断裂带</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">级强震的复发间隔至少在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">3000-5000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">年以上,这就是为什么在几千年的历史记录中龙门山断裂带上没有发生过强震的原因。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">(据“新华社”)</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <FONT size=4><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Roman?; New ?Times Times Roman?? mso-hansi-font-family:>龙门山断裂带</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Roman?; New ?Times Times Roman?? mso-hansi-font-family:>级强震的复发间隔至少在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">3000-5000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Roman?; New ?Times Times Roman?? mso-hansi-font-family:>年以上。相信是真的!</SPAN></FONT> <FONT size=5> </FONT><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Times Roman?; ?Times New Roman?? mso-hansi-font-family:>张培震说,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">GPS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Times Roman?; ?Times New Roman?? mso-hansi-font-family:>观测表明,整个龙门山推覆断裂带的构造变形速率很小,只有每年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">3-4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Times Roman?; ?Times New Roman?? mso-hansi-font-family:>毫米。但是,从若尔盖草原向西的整个青藏高原东部向东和向北的运动速率都很大,到龙门山的突然变慢说明应变和能量在龙门山发生积累。龙门山断裂带滑动速率的缓慢还导致强震复发周期的加长,估计龙门山断裂带</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Times Roman?; ?Times New Roman?? mso-hansi-font-family:>级强震的复发间隔至少在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt">3000-5000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: " Times Roman?; ?Times New Roman?? mso-hansi-font-family:>年以上,这就是为什么在几千年的历史记录中龙门山断裂带上没有发生过强震的原因。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN> <FONT size=5>但愿如此!!大家试着关注一下上世纪的33年叠溪地震和76年松藩地震,还有与这次汶川大地震的相隔时间吧!有句话叫“凡事预则立,安全在于防范!”!历史不能忘记,血的教训不能忘记!</FONT><br><br>[此帖子已被 晓月清风 在 2008-7-8 10:09:49 编辑过]
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