水上游 发表于 2007-4-11 20:23

提高游泳技术的基本技巧--划水

&nbsp; <br><TABLE style="WIDTH: 100%; mso-cellspacing: 0cm; mso-padding-alt: 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt 2.25pt" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0><TBODY><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 2.25pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 2.25pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2.25pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 2.25pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>“转贴”</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘"><FONT size=3>自由泳近体直划手的入水点</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><BR></SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">手掌与水呈</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">45</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">度角向外侧</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">从拇指开始入水</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">手臂向肩前方伸展</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">有一点要指出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">在近于头部的位置入水</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">这是个开始时的错误</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">在靠近头部是由于太急于划水</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">在这一位置入水的选手在下一个动作要完成的后半部分手臂将不会伸直</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">因此不能为做下一个划水动作做准备</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">这样就无法提高速度</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">.<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">划水</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘"><FONT size=3>逐步加快划水速度,不是推水而是划水</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><BR></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">以前都一直认为推动选手不断前进的推动力是由手脚把水由前往后推动产生的反作用力而产生的。但随着体育科学的进步及对尖子选手划水动作系统的研究,发现不是推水而是划水动作产生了推力。爬泳手的动作几乎都是上下,左右(内外)方向,向后的动作很少有。这与游艇的推进器一样,是通过旋转形成水流而产生动力。游泳选手用手脚向上下左右方向划水,就象用条件笤帚扫地一样。也就是说,通过手脚的正确的角度和力度划水产生的推进力比单单用手推水产生的推力要大得多。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><BR></SPAN></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">手掌的角度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">倾斜</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20~50</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">度会加快速度</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘"><FONT size=3>游泳选手通过手脚向上向下向内向外的划水动作,利用所谓的扬力而获得推力。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘"><FONT size=3>如果能把手掌倾斜到适当的角度,不仅可以提高游泳速度,而且节省力气。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><BR></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">如下图所示,手掌的角度是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">40</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">度的时候,能产生最大扬力。如果手掌正是受水的阻力的角度,那么即使拍水,推力也很小。因此,向哪个方向划水是关键,在实际游泳当中,保持</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">40</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">度划水很难,因此</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">50</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">之间是正确划水角度,为了更快地提高速度,掌握这个角度拍水的技术非常必要的。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>1</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">手掌与水的角度为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">度时</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">与水成平衡状态的手掌不能划水</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">受到水的阻力虽然小</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">但扬力也小</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">而且无法产生推力。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>2</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">手掌与水的角度为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">40</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">度时</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">阻力与扬力的平衡性好</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">能产生最大推力</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">.</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">为了能前进提高速度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">,</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">应以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">40</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">度角为中心</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">,</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">50</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">度之间这样的角度划水。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>3</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">手掌与水的角度为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">70</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">度以上时</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">这是感到水很重的角度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">角度愈大</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">水的阻力愈大</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">扬力愈小</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">不仅浪费力气</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘; mso-hansi-font-family: ‘Times New Roman‘">而且不能产生推力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></P>

MLX 发表于 2007-4-12 18:22

<P><FONT size=5>收藏了,以后再学。</FONT></P>

喜欢游泳的鱼 发表于 2007-4-11 22:16

<FONT color=#f70909 size=6><STRONG>好贴,今年要把自由泳学习好,谢谢石教练。</STRONG></FONT>

鲟鱼 发表于 2007-4-11 23:11

<FONT color=#6809f7 size=5><STRONG>我自游泳总是手脚配合不好.还是要好好的体会身体的协调性.因为没有速度今天游四号桥墩还差一米多太遗憾了.今年要好好的学学自游泳,多向石教练请教.</STRONG></FONT>
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