快乐老头 发表于 2007-7-31 06:17

[转贴]波浪式蛙泳技术

<P><FONT face=新宋体 color=#3809f7><FONT size=5> <FONT size=2><FONT face=宋体> 1<SPAN class=font-b1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">、追逐波浪</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: "><FONT face=宋体>  匈牙利人内吉是波浪式蛙泳的发明者。他认为,在波浪式蛙泳技术中,肩的动作轨迹是对称的波浪型。也就是说,波浪呈对称形起落,在呼吸后没有突然的下落。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">  腿的动作也很关键,一定要在恰当的时机配合上体的前冲,完成被阿本什克称为“猫扑”的动作。如果蹬腿太晚,双肩会然下沉,在原本应该对称的波浪上就会突然形成一个凹槽。传统蛙泳技术与波浪式蛙泳技术的区别就在于此。</SPAN></FONT></P><P><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">&nbsp; </SPAN></FONT><FONT face=宋体><SPAN class=font-b1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">2</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=font-b1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">、提肩</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: "><FONT face=宋体>  在传统蛙泳技术中,移臂是在水下较深处进行的,从而造成了较大阻力。但波浪式蛙泳却不同,它的巧妙之处在水面以下的动作。通过适当的用力使背部凹陷,就可以将上体提出水面,只有腰腿部还留在水中。这样就使阻力大大减小。当手臂开始前伸时,背部从下凹转为拱起。如果与蹬腿恰当地配合,就能产生较大的推动力。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: "><FONT face=宋体>  背部姿势的这种变化是非常重要的。背部凹时,手快速而有力的内划使头和躯干高高地升起水面;而背部的上拱与蹬腿的配合使手和身体前冲。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">  阿本什克补充道:由于背部的下凹,使身体提起到足以向前扑跃的高度,然后开始蹬腿。</SPAN></FONT></P><P><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: "></SPAN></FONT><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: "> </SPAN><SPAN class=font-b1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">3</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=font-b1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">、重心</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">  内吉发现,能够用波浪式蛙泳使身体向前扑跃的运动员的重心是很稳定的,基本保持在水下</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">或</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">英寸(即约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">13</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">厘米)处,而不是上下起伏。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">  巴罗曼与内吉的观点是一致的。他在与作者的通信中说:有一点非常关键,即在整个动作周期中,髋部几乎没有上下起伏。当然,有时上下起伏是难免的,但这正是大赛中冠军和第五名的区别。如果髋部起伏,重心就会移动,这样就造成了做功的浪费。巴罗曼和罗萨的技术之间最大的区别就在于此。而这种区别就造成了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">0.5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">秒的差距。由于罗萨髋部的起伏较大,他做的多余的功就多。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN class=font-b1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">&nbsp; 4</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=font-b1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">、技术要点</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">)与传统蛙泳的“划水—蹬腿”配合节奏不同,波浪式蛙泳的配合节奏是“划水—前冲—蹬腿”。前冲是波浪式蛙泳的独特之处。它发生在划水和蹬腿之间;手和前臂正好在水平面上并与水面平行快速前伸。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">)划水和移臂的开始部分背部下凹;前冲时背部上拱。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">)波浪式蛙泳与传统蛙泳的显著区别在于,当身体持续向前滑行时,头和躯干上部离开了水面。身体最宽的部分—肩部提出了水面。此外,双肩拱起至几乎碰到耳朵,这些都有助于更好地保持身体的流线型。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">)前冲的动作好象运动员将自己的身体向前抛掷出去。巴罗曼认为背部的拱起有助于他在前冲中产生较大的推动力。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">)正确的蹬腿时机是极为关键的。当手臂前伸到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">3/4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">时开始蹬腿。蹬腿的方向是直接向后,没有向下的分力。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><BR></SPAN><FONT face=宋体><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ascii-font-family: ; mso-hansi-font-family: ">)完整的动作周期中,为了节省能量,并保持身体的动量,髋部上下起伏的幅度很小。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: "><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></FONT></FONT>

靓菊 发表于 2007-7-31 07:10

谢谢了

峰泳 发表于 2007-7-31 07:33

学不会。太笨。

傲雪寒梅 发表于 2007-7-31 08:02

<FONT size=5>只有认真学习规范动作 才能提高蛙泳速度</FONT>

快乐老头 发表于 2007-8-2 04:56

<P>原文由 峰泳 发表: 学不会。太笨。 </P><P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT face=隶书 color=#0909f7 size=6> 没有学不回的,多揣摩、多练就可以了!</FONT></P>
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