龙腾 发表于 2007-10-17 19:44

微循环的功能?

<P align=center><FONT size=7>微循环的功能?</FONT></P><P><FONT face=宋体 size=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 人体中微动脉、毛细血管、微静脉之间的血液循环,就叫做微循环。微循环是人体组织细胞吸收</FONT><A title=营养 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1001735.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>营养</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>、氧气,排出代谢产物的交换场所。人体单纯靠心脏的收缩力量不能将血液直接灌注到人体各器官的组织细胞,必需靠微循环部分的毛细血管不与心脏跳动同步的自律</FONT><A title=运动 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000932.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>运动</FONT></A><FONT size=5><FONT face=宋体>将血液进行第二次调节,第二次灌注,所以在医学上把微循环比喻为人体的“第二心脏”。<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">微循环的功能主要有两方面:<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt"><FONT size=5><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">l、物质交换的场所 血液给组织运来氧气、营养物质、激素和水等,带走二氧化碳和代谢产物。微循环是这些物质进行交换的唯一场所。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 8.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><P class=MsoBodyText style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt"><FONT size=5><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">2、调节血流和血量 微循环的血管数量极多、容量很大、是个P大的贮血库。改变这个血库的容血量,就可以调节全身的循环血量和静脉的回心血量。一旦因某些原因引起全身微循环血管大量开放,将有大量血液淤积在微循环内,导致循环血量和回心血量减少,血压下降。如不及时纠正,必将导致严重的后果。</SPAN><BR></FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt"><FONT size=5></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P class=MsoBodyText style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=center><FONT size=7>微循环-生命的基础</FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt"><FONT size=5><FONT face=宋体>血液是流动的、循环的,而血液循环最根本的功能是进行血液和组织之间的物质交换,这一机能就是在微循环实现的。人体的血液由心脏泵出后,经逐渐分级的动脉至微动脉,再进入毛细血管,然后由微静脉及各级静脉回流到心脏。这种在微动脉和微静脉之间的血液循环称为微循环。在医学上,微循环还包括淋巴液和组织液的微循环,但通常所说的微循环是指血液微循环。微血管只有一层内皮细胞,管壁极薄,约为一张普通纸的<SPAN lang=EN-US>1/100, 血液中的小分子物质可以通过血管渗出、渗入,这就是说血液中的氧气、能量、<A title=营养 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1001735.html" target=_blank>营养</A>物质是通过微血管向细胞供给,同时细胞新陈代谢后的有害物质如肌酸、乳酸和二氧化碳等又通过微血管带到静脉系统,经肾、肺等脏器排泄出。即微循环是血液和组织细胞进行物质交换的场所。人体组织细胞周转遍布微血管,每个人全身有10-40亿条微血管,总长度近10万Km,其表面积达6300m<SUB>2</SUB>,可以充分保证全身每个细胞能及时获得养料,清除废物。如果微循环功能发生障碍,组织细胞得不到充足的氧和营养,代谢产物不能及时清除,就会导致脏器功能减退、人体衰老和<A title=疾病 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000912.html" target=_blank>疾病</A>的产生。所以说良好的微循环是生命活动的基础。</SPAN></FONT><BR></P></FONT><P class=MsoBodyText style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt"><FONT size=5></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P class=MsoBodyText style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt"><FONT size=5>细血管的主要特点</FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt"><FONT size=5><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">1、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">非常细:其管径相当于一根<A title=头发 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1002447.html" target=_blank>头发</A>丝的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">/20,肉眼看不到,需要在显微镜下观察。<o:p></o:p></SPAN> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=5><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">2、非常薄:管壁特别薄,只有一层内皮细胞,其厚度约为一张普通纸的1/100,可以允许小分子物质自由进出。<o:p></o:p></SPAN> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=5><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">3、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">非常多:有<SPAN lang=EN-US>100—160亿万根,如将其一根根连接起来有96000多公里,可绕地球赤道两圈多,呈网状分布在机体各部位。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN> <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=5><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">4、流速慢:每秒钟仅走0.4-1MM</SPAN> </FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=5></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P class=MsoNormal align=center><FONT size=7>亚健康与微循环</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 近些年“亚</FONT><A title=健康 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000302.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>健康</FONT></A><FONT size=5>”一词越来越频繁地出现在媒体及医疗</FONT><A title=保健 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000927.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>保健</FONT></A><FONT size=5>的宣传品中,成为人们</FONT><A title=养生 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1003430.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>养生</FONT></A><FONT size=5>保健关注的重点。那么什么是亚健康,它有什么样的表现,又该怎样去</FONT><A title=预防 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000552.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>预防</FONT></A><FONT size=5>呢? <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;  </FONT><A title=生活 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1001918.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>生活</FONT></A><FONT size=5>中有一部分人经常感到全身乏力、头昏、头痛、胸闷、心慌,常有气短、情绪低落等现象,但到医院多次</FONT><A title=检查 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000749.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>检查</FONT></A><FONT size=5>却无明显器质</FONT><A title=性 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000004.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>性</FONT></A><FONT size=5>改变。针对这种情况医生往往用“亚健康”状态来解释。 <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;  亚健康状态是一种介乎于健康与</FONT><A title=疾病 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000912.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>疾病</FONT></A><FONT size=5>之间的表现,其中半数以上可能进而发展为</FONT><A title=高血压 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000960.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>高血压</FONT></A><FONT size=5>、</FONT><A title=冠心病 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000844.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>冠心病</FONT></A><FONT size=5>、</FONT><A title=糖尿病 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000685.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>糖尿病</FONT></A><FONT size=5>等器质性疾病,因而对于亚健康状态亦不可掉以轻心。 <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;  亚健康状态多见于4O岁以上的</FONT><A title=中年 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000676.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>中年</FONT></A><FONT size=5>人,引起这种状态的原因不明。国内研究认为这种状态的产生可能与微循环紊乱有关,主要是由于血粘度增大,使得血液在流经微血管速度减慢、血流不畅,致使</FONT><A title=营养 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1001735.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>营养</FONT></A><FONT size=5>物质交换不全,代谢产物瘀积不出,结果便引起了身体上的各种不适及</FONT><A title=心理 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000543.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>心理</FONT></A><FONT size=5>上的不平衡、不稳定。 <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;  俗话说:“流水不腐,户枢不蠢”。</FONT><A title=中医 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000001.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>中医</FONT></A><FONT size=5>理论亦认为:“血流如水是活血,血流不畅要活血化瘀”。因此,对于亚健康状态的人来说,虽不需要</FONT><A title=药物 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1001665.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>药物</FONT></A><A title=治疗 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000680.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>治疗</FONT></A><FONT size=5>,但应从活血化瘀、降低血粘度、改善微循环状态来加以</FONT><A title=防治 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000542.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>防治</FONT></A><FONT size=5>,以避免由亚健康转向不健康,即疾病的发生。 <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;  首先,中年人对亚健康状态的知识要有所了解,对其予以关注,不要认为亚健康没啥关系而掉以轻心,但同时也不能过分看重亚健康而无病呻吟。应当保持稳定心态,关注它但不害怕它。 <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;  其次,</FONT><A title=运动 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000932.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>运动</FONT></A><FONT size=5>是活血化瘀的一剂良药。凡已呈现亚健康状态的人更要重视。积极参加适宜的运动锻炼,每日用半小时左右活动筋骨,促进血液循环和机体代谢,可明显改善不适</FONT><A title=症状 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000854.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>症状</FONT></A><FONT size=5>。 <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;  第三,</FONT><A title=饮食 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000679.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>饮食</FONT></A><FONT size=5>是降低血液粘度的关键。亚健康状态的中年人要使自己饮食保持低脂、低糖,并且要戒烟和少饮酒。因为饮食上的不合理容易使血脂异常,增加血粘度,不利于微循环功能。 <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;  第四,</FONT><A title=注意 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1001939.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>注意</FONT></A><FONT size=5>多饮水。目前多饮水已成为养生保健重要</FONT><A title=方法 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000710.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>方法</FONT></A><FONT size=5>之一。尤其是中年人应注意每日给机体补充足够水分,可以起到增加血容量降低血粘度,调节微循环紊乱的效应,不应对此不予理睬。 <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;  总之,按现代健康概念,不得病并非就是健康。亚健康虽不是病,但它是影响人体健康的不和谐因素,应当通过生活方式的积极调整来改善它,消除它,使我们获得真正的健康</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=5></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P class=MsoNormal align=center><FONT size=7>微循环与老年病预防</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=宋体 size=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 人体衰老、</FONT><A title=肿瘤 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1002080.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>肿瘤</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>、</FONT><A title=高血压 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000960.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>高血压</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>、</FONT><A title=糖尿病 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000685.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>糖尿病</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>以及许多心、脑血管</FONT><A title=疾病 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000912.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>疾病</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>都与微循环障碍有很大关系。</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=宋体 size=5>中</FONT><A title=老年人 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000240.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>老年人</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>群中,突然意外死亡之罪魁祸首主要是</FONT><A title=冠心病 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000844.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>冠心病</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>。全世界至少有3-4千万人患有冠心病,每年死于冠心病者达数百万之众,已成为</FONT><A title=危害 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000964.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>危害</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>人类生存的头号杀手。冠心病不是先天</FONT><A title=性 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000004.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>性</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>疾病,只要及早</FONT><A title=预防 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000552.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>预防</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>是完全可以降低发病率的。冠心病的形成并非一朝一夕,动脉粥样硬化的形成与血液中胆固醇和甘油三酯等脂质代谢异常有密切关系,当这些物质增多时,就像泥沙淤积下水道那样容易沉积在血管壁上产生淡黄色的粥样斑块,日积月累,可导致血管狭窄和闭塞。如果粥样斑块发生在供应心脏本身</FONT><A title=营养 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1001735.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>营养</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>的冠状动脉,则引起心肌缺血甚至坏死,临床上就会产生</FONT><A title=心绞痛 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000890.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>心绞痛</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>和</FONT><A title=心肌梗死 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000993.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>心肌梗死</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>等严重病症。因此,预防和</FONT><A title=治疗 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000680.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>治疗</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>冠心病应从两方面入手。一方面对高危人群预防性</FONT><A title=用药 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000721.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>用药</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>(如每日服用100—150mg阿斯匹林等),</FONT><A title=注意 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1001939.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>注意</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>合理</FONT><A title=饮食 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000679.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>饮食</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>,少吃富含胆固醇的</FONT><A title=食物 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1001698.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>食物</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>和坚持体育</FONT><A title=运动 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000932.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>运动</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>,做到劳逸结合。另一方面,也是更重要的方面,加强微循环血液灌注,从而改善心肌缺血状况<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;高血压多见于一些老年人,常可引起中风和</FONT><A title=心脏病 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000873.html" target=_blank><FONT face=宋体 size=5>心脏病</FONT></A><FONT face=宋体 size=5>发作而危及生命。高血压病理变化主要为:微动脉收缩痉挛,引起血管阻力增加,导致血压升高,并且有细胞聚集成团,血液粘度增高,血流缓慢等血液流变学变化。因此,医学界认为,人体微循环功能障碍是高血压的病理变化基础之一。充分改善人体微循环功能是预防和协助治疗高血压必不可少的有效措施之。</FONT></SPAN><BR></P><P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=7>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 冬泳对微循环及血液流变学的影响</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=5></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=5><FONT face=宋体>姚镛等检测</FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US>44</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">名多年冬泳者的甲襞微循环及血液流变学指标,并与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>132</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">名<A title=健康 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000302.html" target=_blank>健康</A>成年人对照。结果表明,冬泳组甲襞微循环管襻形态轻度异常者为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>6.8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">%,对照组为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>31.8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">%</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(P&lt;0.01)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">;血液流态轻度异常者为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>6.8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">%,对照组为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>21.5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">%;红细胞聚集为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>6.8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">%,对照组为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>21.5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">%</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(P&lt;0.01)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">。冬泳者的红细胞电泳<A title=时间 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000677.html" target=_blank>时间</A>缩短</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>3s(P&lt;0.01)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,纤维蛋白原降低</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>0.02967g/L(P&lt;0.05),</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">红细胞沉降率减慢</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>3.5mm/h(P&lt;0.01)</SPAN></FONT><FONT size=5><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">。表明坚持冬泳者的微循环及血液流变状态优于非冬泳者。&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>  王续武等于气温-</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">℃</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,水温</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">℃</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">的环境中,取泳前后肘静脉血<A title=检查 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000749.html" target=_blank>检查</A>,发现泳后静泳血</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>pH</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">下降</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(P&lt;0.01)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>PCO2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">升高</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(P&lt;0.01)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>PO2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">下降</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(P&lt;0.05)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">。证明人体在冰水中游泳,氧耗量急剧增加</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">。泳前后查耳血比较,发现白细胞总数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">用常规检查法</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">泳后明显增加,但<A title=分类 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1002043.html" target=_blank>分类</A>变化不明显。作者认为这是寒冷刺激使白血球由边缘粒细胞库进入循环粒细胞库的结果</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">。周锦华等用放射免疫法测定</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>29</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">名冬泳者的血栓素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>B2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">-酮-<A title=前列腺 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000554.html" target=_blank>前列腺</A>素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>F1a</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,并与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">名平均<A title=年龄 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000805.html" target=_blank>年龄</A>小于冬泳组</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">岁的健康人群作了比较。结果表明,冬泳组的血栓素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>B2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(107.6±63.3)pg/ml,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">对照组为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(136.0±81.8)pg/ml</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,下降</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>28.4pg/ml(P&lt;0.05)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">。冬泳组的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">-酮-前列腺素</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>F1a </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(63.4±21.9)pg/ml</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,对照组为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(59.3±20.9)pg/ml</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,即没有因冬泳组年长</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>20</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman"><FONT size=5>岁而下降。<BR>  孙瑞台等</FONT><A title=测试 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1001269.html" target=_blank><FONT size=5>测试</FONT></A></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN lang=EN-US>38</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">名具有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">年泳龄的慢<A title=性 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000004.html" target=_blank>性</A>病患者泳前后的一些生理指标,包括</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">例<A title=冠心病 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000844.html" target=_blank>冠心病</A>,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">例<A title=高血压 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000960.html" target=_blank>高血压</A>等,发现出水后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>89.47</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">%的心电图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>T</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">波高尖,血容量、血浆容量均明显下降</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(P&lt;0.01)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,以血浆容量减少最为明显,平均每人减少</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>326ml,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">且与在水中<A title=运动 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000932.html" target=_blank>运动</A>的时间呈相关关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(y=</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">-</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>6.6367</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">+</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1.8087x,r=0.835)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,同时还发现血浆容量的下降与直肠温度的升高呈正相关关系</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(y=8.078</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">+</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>3.425x,r=0.947)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,泳后皮温下降,直肠温度上升</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1.9</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">℃</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">。作者认为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>T</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">波高尖是由于心肌复极提前,表示心肌代谢过程良好。寒冷刺激使体表血流减少,而包括心脏在内的内脏器官血流相应增加,这种血液重新分布的应激反应,可使内脏<A title=保护 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000979.html" target=_blank>保护</A>性地产热增加。微循环及血液流变学的改善,证实冬泳对<A title=预防 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000552.html" target=_blank>预防</A>中、<A title=老年人 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1000240.html" target=_blank>老年人</A>罹患的高粘滞血症</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(Hyperviscosity Syndrome)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">不失为一种理想的<A title=健身 href="http://www.aijk.com/news/tag/1002402.html" target=_blank>健身</A>运动。</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><FONT size=5><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">  孙宝利等人对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">年以上泳龄者于气温-</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">℃</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,水温</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>0</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">℃</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">时泳前后分别取肘静脉血的对比研究,他们发现全血粘度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,全血还原粘度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,血浆粘度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,血球压积</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">%</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,血沉</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(mm/h)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">,血沉方程</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>K</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">值等均没有显著变化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(P&gt;0.05)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">。作者认为这是由于长期反复的寒冷刺激提高了机体的适应能力。</SPAN></FONT><BR></P>

畅游 发表于 2007-10-17 20:32

微循环-体内物质交换的场所。

兔宝宝 发表于 2007-10-17 20:41

谢谢楼主深入浅出的介绍,让我们又学习了一些新的东西。

做的比说的好 发表于 2007-10-17 22:23

<P><FONT size=5>谢谢楼主了,我们又学到一些知识!希望多发。</FONT></P>

雪莲花 发表于 2007-10-17 19:46

<FONT face=宋体 size=5>长期反复的寒冷刺激提高了机体的适应能力。</FONT><BR><BR>

启明 发表于 2007-10-18 01:39

微循环是人体组织细胞吸收营养、氧气,排出代谢产物的交换场所。

泳者玉龙 发表于 2007-10-18 10:03

原文由 兔宝宝 发表: 谢谢楼主深入浅出的介绍,让我们又学习了一些新的东西。

尘埃落定 发表于 2007-10-18 17:09

<P><FONT size=5></FONT>&nbsp;</P><P><FONT size=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 冬泳就能改变微循环系统,达到健康.</FONT></P>

天地一沙鸥 发表于 2007-10-18 16:20

微循环是生命的基础,而坚持冬泳运动的泳者微循环优于非冬泳者。研究数据表明,科学冬泳促进人体微循环的功能.感谢龙腾为我们提供的好资料!<br> <br> <br>

蒙羊雅鱼 发表于 2008-1-15 11:18

我又进步了!谢谢1<br>

青龙鱼 发表于 2011-10-16 08:47

:victory::victory:

青龙鱼 发表于 2011-10-16 08:48

:victory::victory:

青龙鱼 发表于 2011-10-16 08:48

:victory::victory:

青龙鱼 发表于 2011-10-16 08:48

:victory::victory:

青龙鱼 发表于 2011-10-16 08:48

:victory::victory:

青龙鱼 发表于 2011-10-16 08:48

:victory::victory:

青龙鱼 发表于 2011-10-16 08:48

:victory::victory:

青龙鱼 发表于 2011-10-16 08:48

:victory::victory:

青龙鱼 发表于 2011-10-16 08:48

:victory::victory:

青龙鱼 发表于 2011-10-16 08:48

:victory::victory:
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