畅游 发表于 2008-1-12 20:43

血压――科学安全冬泳的首选检测指标

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">血压――科学安全冬泳的首选检测指标</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: red"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.8pt 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">目前,参加冬泳者越来越多,认为冬泳是一种良好的强身健体运动。然而,冬泳是把双刃剑,如把握不好,冬泳对于健康还是有负面影响的,有时可能会出现严重后果。如何科学安全冬泳,曾有不少论述,但迄今为止,还不曾报道过科学安全冬泳的客观检测指标。作者选择健康冬泳者作为观察对象,探讨水温对血压和脉搏的影响,以试图确定一个指导科学冬泳的客观检测指标。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.8pt 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">选择</SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="3" UnitName="l"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">3l</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">例健康冬泳者,分别测量摄氏</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">度水温和摄氏</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">度水温入水前即刻,出水后即刻,出水后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">30 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">分钟的收缩压、舒张压、脉搏变化,并进行自身对照比较。结果出水后即刻收缩压、舒张压和脉搏均较入水前即刻指标明显升高和加快,摄氏</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">度水温较摄氏</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">度水温时指标升高和加快的程度更显著。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.8pt 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">本研究结果显示,所有健康冬泳受检者冬泳后收缩压、舒张压、脉搏无一例外均会升高,收缩压升高更为明显。水温越低,刺激强度越大,这种变化就会越明显。冷水的刺激可迅速致体内儿茶酚胺分泌增加,从而引致血压增高,脉搏加快。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.8pt 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">所有受检者,出水后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">30</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">分钟,经适当活动自我感觉不冷时,血压和脉搏恢复至入水前水平或略低。我们观察到有些冬泳者,出水</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">30 </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">分钟后仍存在寒冷感,此时血压仍高于入水前。因此,出水后的活动是很重要的。活动可致肌肉、体表毛细血管扩张,回心血量相对减少,外周血管阻力降低,心脏负荷减轻,血压下降,脉搏减慢。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.8pt 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">冬泳是一项较好的锻炼项目,其对内分泌功能有明显促进和调节作用,可以改善心肺功能、改善微循环、降低血尿酸水平、降低血脂,这些基本达到共识,但以上所述不便作为科学安全冬泳的检测指标。冬泳对血压影响的利弊,尚未有非常一致的意见。我们认为,正常血压的冬泳者,由于其血管弹性较好,血压可以出现大起大落,这种变化不会有什么危害;相反,这种“血管体操”对人体是有益的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">;收缩压升高不超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">55 mmHg</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">,舒张压不超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue">35 mmHg</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">,出水后很快恢复正常是安全的。然而对于高血压患者,不适用于此标准。同时,我们还认为,血压是科学安全冬泳的首选检测指标。</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 7.8pt 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: blue"><o:p></o:p></SPAN>&nbsp;</P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT size=3>    ——摘自《中国自然医学杂志》<SPAN lang=EN-US>2007</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>月第<SPAN lang=EN-US>9</SPAN>卷第<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>期</FONT></SPAN></B></P>

紫衣の罗兰 发表于 2008-1-14 14:40

学习

畅游 发表于 2008-1-14 12:23

正常血压的冬泳者,由于其血管弹性较好,血压可以出现大起大落,这种变化不会有什么危害;相反,这种“血管体操”对人体是有益的. ;收缩压升高不超过55 mmHg,舒张压不超过35 mmHg,出水后很快恢复正常是安全的。然而对于高血压患者,不适用于此标准。

锄禾声声 发表于 2008-1-21 16:56

<FONT size=7>学习!</FONT>

海鲤鱼 发表于 2008-1-22 15:19

<FONT size=6>冬泳对心血管系统健康有益,心血管系统有疾病选择冬泳是不合适的。</FONT>
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