蒲华：富于笔墨穷于命
蒲华：富于笔墨穷于命2020
03/09
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书法家论坛
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关注我们，让每一个中国人都爱上写字蒲华的画竹与李复堂李方膺是同声相应的吴昌硕的墨竹其体制正是从蒲华而来蒲老竹叶大于掌，画壁古寺苍崖边。墨汁翻衣冷犹善，天涯做客才可怜。朔风鲁酒助野哭，拔剑斫地歌当筵。柴门日午扣不响，鸡犬一屋同高眠。——吴昌硕https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097539/1000谢稚柳论言：“蒲华的画竹与李复堂、李方膺是同声相应的，吴昌硕的墨竹，其体制正是从蒲华而来”。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097540/1000蒲华是晚清民国时期著名画家，与任伯年、吴昌硕、虚谷合称“海派四杰”。与海上名家广有交往， 同吴昌硕尤为密切。蒲华长吴昌硕十二岁，昌硕幼时便闻蒲华画名，关系在师友之间，互取所长，风貌因之相近。善用湿笔，水墨淋漓，光彩照人。善花卉、山水，尤擅画竹，有“蒲竹”之誉。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097541/0蒲 华：（1839-1911）字作英，亦作竹英、竹云，浙江嘉兴人。号胥山野史、胥山外史、种竹道人，斋名九琴十砚斋、九琴十研楼、芙蓉庵、不染庐、夫蓉盦、剑胆琴心室等。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097543/0蒲华幼时，从外祖父姚磐石读书，后曾师事林雪岩。1853年入庠为秀才。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097544/0蒲华在嘉兴时，家境贫寒，曾租居城隍庙。为人朴厚，淡于名利，潜心于绘画。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097545/100022岁结婚，娶缪晓花为妻，亦善书画。二人贫困相守，情感至深。1863年秋，相依十年的妻子病逝。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097546/0蒲华以诗抒其哀恸：“十年结知己，贫贱良可哀”。时年蒲华32岁，无子。从此不再续娶，孑然一身至老。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097547/1000与友人结鸳湖诗社，有诗稿《芙蓉庵燹馀草》，得诗家陈曼寿等题辞赞许，早年便获“郑虔三绝”之美誉。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097548/10001864年春，客宁波。同年到台州，十多年间，先后在太平（今温岭）县署、新河（温岭属）粮厅和海门（今椒江）海防同知府当幕僚。因不善官场应酬，更不耐案头作楷，叠遭辞退。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097549/1000生性嗜酒，疏懒散漫，人称“蒲邋遢”。穷途无路，开始卖画生涯，走遍台州、温州、宁波、杭州等地。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097550/1000虽以画为生，却不矜惜笔墨，有索辄应。当时民生多艰，又因人微画易，笔润微薄，常至升斗不济。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097551/10001881年春，自上海去日本，受日人赞赏，颇为自得，因绘《海天长啸图》以舒其意。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097552/0同年夏归国，依旧画笔一枝，孓然一身，游食于沪宁苏常、杭甬台温一带。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097553/0师承陈淳、徐渭、郑板桥风格，借鉴近世浙东画家林璧人（蓝）、傅啸生（濂）、姚梅伯（燮）及赵之谦，曾跟著名词人与画家范湖居士周闲学画。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097554/1000当其声名远扬，乡间旧友来沪探望，蒲华盛情款待，视同至亲。日本来客，每以重金求画，得资便呼朋斗酒，或为青楼女子赎身，竟至垂橐空囊。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097555/1000因而在沪期间，仍为生计所驱，不时奔走于沪宁、沪杭之间。清末多灾荒，他参加“豫园书画善会”，义卖书画以助赈。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097557/0蒲华素无疾，步履轻捷。1911年夏，醉归寓所，假牙落入喉管，气塞而逝。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097558/1000蒲华无子，一女在乡。吴昌硕等为其治丧，由一侄扶榇归葬嘉兴西丽桥西堍，今墓已不存，唯吴昌硕所书“蒲山人墓志铭”嵌藏于南湖监亭内壁，为后人凭吊遗迹。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097559/0蒲华一生贫困潦倒，极不得志，吴昌硕题墓志铬曰：“富于笔墨穷于命”。https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097560/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097562/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097563/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097564/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097565/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097566/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097567/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097568/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097569/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097570/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097571/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097572/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097573/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097574/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097575/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097576/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097577/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097580/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097581/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097583/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097584/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097585/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097586/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097587/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097588/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097589/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097590/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097591/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097592/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097593/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097594/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097595/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097596/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097597/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097598/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097599/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097600/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097602/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097603/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097605/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097606/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097608/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097609/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097611/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097612/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097613/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097615/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097616/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097617/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097618/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097619/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097621/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097622/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097623/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097624/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097625/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097627/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097628/1000https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/9924097629/0https://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_bt/0/9924097631/1000
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