游泳、游泳项目介绍（摘）
<P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18.5pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">游泳介绍<SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">远古时代，人类为适应生存环境，逐渐学会游泳。中国春秋时代就有泅水活动，利比亚史前岩画也有游泳姿势的描绘。现代游泳始于英国，<SPAN lang=EN-US>17</SPAN>世纪<SPAN lang=EN-US>60</SPAN>年代流行于约克郡地区。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1828</SPAN>年在利物浦乔治码头修建了世界上第一个室内游泳池。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1837</SPAN>年成立世界上第一个游泳协会。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1908</SPAN>年规定游泳必须在水池内比赛。国际标准游泳池长<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>米，宽至少<SPAN lang=EN-US>21</SPAN>米，深<SPAN lang=EN-US>1.80</SPAN>米以上。设<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>条泳道，每条泳道宽<SPAN lang=EN-US>2.50</SPAN>米，分道线由直径<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>～<SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN>厘米的单个浮标连接而成。运动员比赛必须站在出发台上出发（仰泳除外），出发台高出水面<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>～<SPAN lang=EN-US>75</SPAN>厘米，台面积为<SPAN lang=EN-US>50×50</SPAN>厘米。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1896</SPAN>年游泳被列为奥运会竞赛项目时，不分泳姿，是真正的<SPAN lang=EN-US>"</SPAN>自由式<SPAN lang=EN-US>"</SPAN>，只有<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>500</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>1200</SPAN>米<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>个项目。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1900</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>届奥运会时，将仰泳分出；<SPAN lang=EN-US>1904</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>届奥运会时，又分出蛙泳。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1912</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>届奥运会时，女子游泳被列为比赛项目。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1956</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>16</SPAN>届奥运会，又增加了蝶泳，从此定型为<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>种泳姿。此后的奥运会游泳比赛发展到共有自由泳、蛙泳、蝶泳、仰泳、混合泳和接力（自由泳与混合泳）<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>大项<SPAN lang=EN-US>32</SPAN>个小项，是奥运会仅次于田径运动的金牌大户。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P> 原文由 泽雅 发表: <EM><FONT color=#f70909 size=6> 感谢版主的介绍，学习了。</FONT></EM> <EM><FONT color=#f70909 size=6> 感谢版主的介绍，学习了。</FONT></EM> 有时间好好的研究研究！ 原文由 江南宜春冬泳 发表: 有时间好好的研究研究！ <P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蛙泳介绍</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蛙泳是一种古老的泳式。据资料记载，早在<SPAN lang=EN-US>2000</SPAN>～<SPAN lang=EN-US>4000</SPAN>年前的中国、罗马、古埃及就有类似这种泳式的游泳。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1875</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>24</SPAN>日著名游泳运动员<SPAN lang=EN-US>M</SPAN>．韦布采用蛙泳姿势横渡英吉利海峡，历时<SPAN lang=EN-US>21</SPAN>小时<SPAN lang=EN-US>45</SPAN>分。<SPAN lang=EN-US>19</SPAN>世纪初蛙泳是第一种在游泳比赛中被采用的姿式。但由于蛙泳速度慢，在比赛中相继又出现了侧泳、爬泳、采用蛙泳的人越来越少。直到<SPAN lang=EN-US>1904</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>届奥运会时才把蛙泳与其他姿式分开。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1924</SPAN>～<SPAN lang=EN-US>1936</SPAN>年期间，蛙泳最大的革新是划水动作结束后两臂不再从水中前移，改为由空中移臂但仍采用蛙泳蹬夹腿的动作，出现了蛙泳的变形<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>蝶泳。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1936</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年国际业余游泳联合会对蛙泳规则作了补充，允许在蛙泳比赛中采用蝶泳技术，于是蝶泳取代了蛙泳。在<SPAN lang=EN-US>1948</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>14</SPAN>届奥运会上，<SPAN lang=EN-US>200</SPAN>米蛙泳决赛只有一人采用蛙泳。而<SPAN lang=EN-US>1952</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>15</SPAN>届奥运会的蛙泳比赛中，全部运动员都采用蝶泳技术。于是国际业余游泳联合会决定将蝶泳从蛙泳项目中分出来。从<SPAN lang=EN-US>1956</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>16</SPAN>届奥运会起将蝶泳列为正式比赛项目。当时规则还允许蛙泳可以在水中潜游<SPAN lang=EN-US>,</SPAN>由于在水下游进不受波浪阻力影响，水平姿式好，阻力小，速度比水面蛙泳快。于是在<SPAN lang=EN-US>1956</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>16</SPAN>届奥运会上，几乎所有蛙泳运动员都以长划臂的潜水蛙泳参加比赛。日本运动员古川胜以<SPAN lang=EN-US>2′34″7</SPAN>的成绩创造<SPAN lang=EN-US>200</SPAN>米蛙泳世界纪录。第<SPAN lang=EN-US>16</SPAN>届奥运会后，国际业余游泳联合会重新修改了蛙泳规则，取消潜水蛙泳，只允许在出发和转身后做一次长划水的潜泳动作，然后每个动作头部都要露出水面。于是水面蛙泳技术又得以恢复发展，并重新规定了蛙泳世界纪录的标准。如男子<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>米蛙泳为<SPAN lang=EN-US>1′13″0</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1957</SPAN>年中国运动员戚烈云以<SPAN lang=EN-US>1′11″7</SPAN>的成绩首先打破了该纪录。从此以后又出现了宽划臂和窄划臂的蛙泳技术。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">泳员在滑翔姿势，身体接近水平。头部约<SPAN lang=EN-US>80%</SPAN>沉于水中，脸微微向前，双臂伸展，掌心向著斜外侧。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">捉水动作在水下约<SPAN lang=EN-US>7~9</SPAN>寸处开始，双手作侧面的划动，在这时开始呼气动作。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">双臂沒有明显的屈曲，继续的划向外侧，呼气继续增加。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">当泳员头部开始微微向上，肘关节开始屈曲，上臂开始旋转。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">5.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">当双臂到达最大的宽度，肘屈约<SPAN lang=EN-US>110</SPAN>度，这时高肘姿势是明显的。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">6.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">头部继续上抬，当嘴部露出水面，最后呼气完成<SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN>双手开始向內，以完成最后的推进动作。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">7.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">当双臂准备向后，吸气开始，肘部不要拉到肋骨下，膝关节开始屈曲，回腿动作开始。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">8.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">嘴部闭上，吸气完成，双足被帶向臀部，肘关节继续伸展，双臂继续向前移动。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">9.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">回腿动作继续进行。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">颈部屈曲，头部继续向下倾斜。双足背屈，双腿开始向后，推水动作，双臂回手动作。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">11.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">双足推向后并开始并拢。泳员这时闭气，直至另一划臂动作开始。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">12.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">双臂完全伸展，双手稍低于肩膊水平，双腿蹬水接近完成。当泳员完成蹬水，并集中使身体成为一直线。他將保持这滑翔姿势短暫的时间，然后当他感觉速度減慢，另一划臂循环开始。<B>蝶泳介绍</B><SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳技术是在蛙泳技术动作基础上演变而来的。当蛙泳技术发展到第二阶段时，也就是<SPAN lang=EN-US>1937-1952</SPAN>年这一时期，在游泳比赛中，有些运动员采用两臂划水到大腿后提出水面，再从空中迁移的技术，从外形看，好像蝴蝶展翅飞舞，所以人们称它为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>蝶泳<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1953</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年，国际泳联规定，蛙泳和蝶泳分开进行比赛，使蝶泳成为了一独立的比赛项目，从而得到了很好的发展。蝶泳技术是仅仅比爬泳技术慢的泳姿。由于它的腿部动作酷似海豚，所以又称为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>海豚泳<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳的身体姿势与其它泳姿不同，它没有固定的身体位置。在游进中躯干各部分和头不断改变彼此间的相对位置。头和躯干有时露出水面、有时潜入水中，形成波浪形式上下起伏的变化位置。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蝶泳在游进中，是以横轴（腰际）为中心，躯干和腿做有节奏的摆动，发力点在腰腹部。然后以大腿带动小腿，两腿一起做上下的鞭状打水动作。而这些动作与头和臂部的动作紧密联系在一起，形成蝶泳所特有的波浪动作，因此前进时身体的阻力较小。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P> 看是一看题目一头雾水，我怎么这么笨啊！我还以为是版主在忽悠我们，嗨，我生病了！ <P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">仰泳介绍</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">游泳项目之一。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1900</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>届奥运会开始列为正式比赛项目。仰泳包括反蛙泳和爬式仰泳。反蛙泳是最早出现的一种仰泳，动作近似蛙泳，而身体姿势相反。即人体仰卧水面，两臂从头后经体侧向后划水。最初几届奥运会上的仰泳比赛都是采用反蛙泳姿势。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1912</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>届奥运会上，美国运动员<SPAN lang=EN-US>H.</SPAN>赫伯纳采用两臂轮流划水、两腿上下打水的仰泳技术，以<SPAN lang=EN-US>1′21″2</SPAN>的成绩获<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>米仰泳冠军，显示了爬式仰泳技术的优越性，而反蛙泳逐渐失去在竞赛中的意义。爬式仰泳的配合动作与自由泳相同。基本技术包括身体姿势、腿和臂的动作，以及呼吸与动作配合等方面。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">①</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">身体姿势：仰泳时身体几乎水平仰卧在水中，胸部自然伸展与腹部成一直线，头部没于水中，脸部露出水面。在游进时，头部始终保持正直姿势，躯干围绕纵轴因两臂的轮流划水动作而自然转动。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">②</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">腿的技术：仰泳时腿的动作作用有三：一是推动身体前进，二是维持身体平衡，三是保持身体有较高水平姿势。腿打水的幅度比自由泳稍大。打水时，以髋关节为支点，大腿发力，带动小腿及脚用力上踢。向上踢水时膝关节微屈，约成<SPAN lang=EN-US>140°</SPAN>角左右，踝关节伸展，脚向内转，动作要有力。向下打水时，膝关节自然伸直，两脚跟的上下最大距离约<SPAN lang=EN-US>40</SPAN>～<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>厘米。踢水时脚尖稍向内旋，以加大踢水面积。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">③</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">臂的技术：臂的技术分入水、抱水、划水、出水和空中移臂几个部分，几个动作连贯地进行。入水时臂自然伸直，手小指朝下在肩延长线的前方，臂切身入水。抱水，当手切入水中后，向外侧下滑，然后手掌向上向后方勾手，同时肩内旋，肘关节向前下方引，手继续上提，拉开肩带肌群，使手和小臂对好划水方向。划水是动作的主要部分。从臂抱水与身体纵轴成<SPAN lang=EN-US>40</SPAN>～<SPAN lang=EN-US>50°</SPAN>角开始屈臂划水，手后划的速度要快于肘。划水至肩侧时，手距水面约<SPAN lang=EN-US>15</SPAN>厘米。这时手、前臂、上臂同时向后方做推水动作。肘关节将靠近体侧时，手向后下方压水，肩关节向上转动，内旋，手掌内转下压至大腿旁时结束划水。划水结束后，借助手掌下压的反作用力，以提肩带动上臂和前臂出水，手放松，臂出水后沿肩线上方前移，臂伸直。两臂的配合是一臂入水时，另一臂出水。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">④</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">呼吸与动作配合：由于脸露出水面，呼吸比较自然，一般是右臂出水时吸气，移臂至将垂直水面时吸气结束，然后憋气，手入水后均匀吐气，手将出水时吐气结束。臂腿配合动作一般是两臂各划水<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>次，腿打水<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>次。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">仰泳技术要点：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．<SPAN lang=EN-US>"</SPAN>积极的<SPAN lang=EN-US>"</SPAN>流线型<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">所谓<SPAN lang=EN-US>"</SPAN>积极的<SPAN lang=EN-US>"</SPAN>流线型，是指在任何时候都要使自己的身体姿势保持流线型，而不仅仅在移动速度最快的出发和转身后。不论你的身高如何，都要使自己游起来显得很高。将身体尽量伸展，把自己想象成一个只移动数寸的圆滑的、滑动的贝壳，而不是在水中前进的小舟或驳船。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．平稳的身体姿势<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">尽量使身体与水平面平行。通过微向前耸肩使脊背保持挺直。髋部下沉会带来较大的阻力，而且使腿的负荷加大，在比赛前半段就会耗费较多能量。克雷泽伯格的髋部很高，因为在他快速游进时身体漂在水面较高的位置，身体保持平衡。反过来，游得越快，身体位置也会越高。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．身体的转动<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">像滚动的原木那样使身体向两侧转动。要注意把肩和髋关节看作一个整体来转动。像在滑冰或轮滑时那样将身体的重量从一侧向另一侧转换。转动速度要快，使自己在多数时间都处于侧位，而不是平平的仰卧位。这样既可以减小阻力，又能够充分发挥躯干大肌肉群的力量。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．移臂和入水<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">通过向猛然向侧方转动使手快速离开水面。事实上，肩应该比手早离开水面。如果手先出水，肩会遇到很大的阻力。移臂应放松，且垂直于身体来保持身体的平衡。如果移臂过宽，往往导致过早转体，使手在头前入水。其结果是使节奏减慢，并影响身体的转动。正确的入水点应在肩延线上。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．打腿<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">踝关节的灵活性对仰泳腿十分重要。两腿要窄，足尖伸展，脚位于身体截面内。水花不宜过大，但要通过打腿始终使脚周围的水像圆屋顶那样。利用打腿引起身体的转动。记住侧卧时的速度比仰卧要快。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P> 学习了~！ <P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">游泳项目介绍之自由泳<SPAN lang=EN-US>- -</SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳是游泳项目之一。<SPAN lang=EN-US>1896</SPAN>年第<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>届奥运会开始列为正式比赛项目。自由泳不受任何姿势限制，爬泳速度最快，爬泳也就成为自由泳的唯一姿势。爬泳动作像爬行，即双臂轮流划水和两腿上下交替打水。这种姿势结构合理，阻力小，速度均匀，是目前世界上最快、最省力的一种游泳姿势。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳实用性强，在奥运会游泳比赛中占有很重要的地位。奥运会自由泳项目男子有<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>200</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>400</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>1500</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>4×100</SPAN>米接力、<SPAN lang=EN-US>4×200</SPAN>米接力<SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN>项；女子有<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>100</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>200</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>400</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>800</SPAN>米、<SPAN lang=EN-US>4×100</SPAN>米接力<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>项。自由泳项目在全部游泳项目<SPAN lang=EN-US>31</SPAN>项中占<SPAN lang=EN-US>13</SPAN>项，而且混合泳和混合泳接力中也包括自由泳，因此自由泳往往被看作是衡量一个国家游泳水平的标志。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳的基本技术特点是，人体俯卧水中，头肩稍高于水面，游进时躯干绕身体纵轴适当左右滚动，两臂轮流划水推动身体前进。手入水后划水路线呈<SPAN lang=EN-US>S</SPAN>形，呼吸与划水动作协调。当臂用力划水时，利用水流在头两侧形成的波谷吸气。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年代以前，游泳运动员都非常重视两腿打水的作用，一般都是两臂轮流划水<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>次就打腿<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>次。后来科研材料证明打腿的能量消耗比划臂大得多，而推动身体前进的动力主要来自臂部的划水动作。因此以臂为主的现代自由泳技术重视臂的划水动作和两臂的配合，打腿动作在长距离游泳中已减少为<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>次或<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>次。但在短距离游泳中多数运动员仍然是打腿<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>次。<SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳的技术环节：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">身体姿势<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">游自由泳时，身体要尽量保持俯卧的水平姿势。但是为了取得更好的动作效果，头部应自然稍抬，两眼注视前下方，头的三分之一露出水面，水平面接近发际，双腿处于最低点，身体纵轴与水平面约成<SPAN lang=EN-US>3-5</SPAN>度的仰角（如下图）。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳游进中，身体可以围绕身体纵轴做有节奏的转动，转动的角度一般为<SPAN lang=EN-US>35-45</SPAN>度之间（如下图）。 如果速度加快，角度就会相对减少。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这种转动是由于划臂、转头和吸气而形成的自然转动，并不是有意识的做转动。转动所带来的好处有以下几点：<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">便于手臂的出水和空中移臂，并缩短移臂的转动半径。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">有助于手臂在水中抱水和划水，使手臂划水的最有力部分更接近于身体中心的垂直投影面。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">由于臀部随身体轻度的转动，腿打水时，产生部分侧向打水动作，可以抵销移臂时造成身体侧向偏离的影响，维持身体平衡。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">便于呼吸。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">腿部技术<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在自由泳技术中，大腿动作除了产生推动力外，主要起着维持身体平衡的作用，它能使下肢抬高，以及协调配合双臂有力的划水。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳腿的打水动作，几乎与水平面成垂直方向进行，从垂直面看，两腿分开的距离约为<SPAN lang=EN-US>30-40</SPAN>厘米，膝关节弯曲的角度约为<SPAN lang=EN-US>160</SPAN>度角。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">游进中，腿向上打水时，脚应接近水平；向下打水时，不应超过身体在水中的最低部位。正确的打水动作是脚稍向内旋，踝关节自然放松，向上和向下的打水动作应该从髋关节开始，大腿用力，通过整个腿部，最后到脚，形成一个<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>鞭状<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>打水动作。向下打水的效果最大，因此应用较大的力和较快的速度进行；而向上则要求放松、自然，尽量少用力，并且速度相对要慢。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">从腿向上动作开始，当大腿带动小腿，从下直腿向上移至踝关节、膝关节、髋关节与水平面平行时，大腿稍向上而终止移动，并开始向下打水。当大腿开始向下打水时，由于惯性的作用，此时小腿和脚仍继续向上移动，而使膝关节弯曲形成一个大约<SPAN lang=EN-US>160</SPAN>度角。这使小腿和脚达到了最高点，由于大腿继续向下移动，而带动小腿和脚完成向下打水动作。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">当大腿向下打水到最低点并向上抬起时，小腿和脚与大腿仍保持一个角度，并继续向下移动打水，直至完全伸直为止，才随大腿向上移动，开始第二个循环动作。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">手部技术<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳的臂部动作是推动身体前进的主要动力。它分为入水、抱水、划推水、出水和空中移臂等几个阶段，这几个阶段在划水动作中是紧密相连的一个完整动作。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">入水<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">臂入水时，肘关节略屈，并高于手臂，手指自然伸直并拢，向前斜下方且插入水。注意手掌向外，动作自然放松。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">手入水的位置应在肩的延长线上，或在身体的中线和肩的延长线之间。入水的顺序为：手<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>小臂<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>大臂。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">手切入水后，手和小臂继续向前下方伸展，手由向前<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>向下<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>稍有向内的运动变为向前<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>向下<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>稍向外的运动。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">抱水<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">臂入水后，应积极插向前下方，此时小臂和大臂应积极外旋，并屈腕、屈肘。在形成抱水的动作中，开始手臂是直的，当手臂划下至与水平面约成<SPAN lang=EN-US>15-20</SPAN>度角时，应逐渐屈肘，使肘关节高于手。在划水开始前，也就是手臂约与水面成<SPAN lang=EN-US>40</SPAN>度角时，肘关节屈至<SPAN lang=EN-US>150</SPAN>度左右。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">抱水动作主要是为了划水做准备，因此她是相对放松和缓慢的。抱水就好像用臂去抱一个大圆球一样。抱水时，手的运动为向后<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>向下<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>向外的三个分运动组成。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">划推水<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">手臂在前方与水平面成<SPAN lang=EN-US>40</SPAN>度角起之后方与水平面约成<SPAN lang=EN-US>15-20</SPAN>度角止的运动过程都是滑水动作。它分为两个阶段：从抱水结束到划至与水面垂直之前称为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>拉水<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>，过垂直面后称为<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>推水。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">拉水时，应保持高肘姿势，手向内<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>向上<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>向后运动。当拉水结束时，手在体下接近中线，这时，肘关节弯曲的角度约为<SPAN lang=EN-US>90-120</SPAN>度角，小臂由外旋转为内旋，掌心由向内后方方向变为向外后方。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">向后推水是通过屈臂到伸臂来完成的。在腿水过程中，手是向外<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>向上<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>向后的运动。肘关节要向上、向体侧靠近，并且手掌始终要与水平面保持垂直。整个划推水过程，手掌的运动路线并不是始终在一条直线上和同一平面上，实际上是一个较复杂的三度曲线。从身体的额状面来看是一个<SPAN lang=EN-US>“S”</SPAN>型，从身体的矢状面来看是一个<SPAN lang=EN-US>“W”</SPAN>型。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在整个划水过程中，肩部应配合手臂进行向前<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>向下<SPAN lang=EN-US>——</SPAN>向后的合理转动，这样有利于加长划水路线和加大划水力量。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">出水<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在划水结束后，臂由于惯性的作用而很快的靠近水面，这时，由大臂带动肘关节做向外上方的<SPAN lang=EN-US>“</SPAN>提拉<SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN>动作，将小臂和手提出水面。小臂出水动作要比大臂稍慢一些，掌心向后上方。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">手臂出水动作应迅速而不停顿，但同时应该柔和，小臂和手掌搀捯浵湥<SPAN lang=EN-US>?o</SPAN>蜀<SPAN lang=EN-US>? </SPAN>应尽量放松。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">空中移臂<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">臂在空中前移的动作是手臂出水的继续，不能停顿，一臂的动作应该放松自如，尽量不要破坏身体的流线型，要和另一臂的划水动作协调一致，并且要注意节奏。在整个移臂过程中，肘部应始终保持比手部高的位置。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">配合技术<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳的配合技术分：两臂的配合技术、两臂和呼吸的配合技术以及完整的配合技术。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">两臂配合技术<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳两臂的正确配合是保障前进速度均匀性的重要条件，并且还有利于发挥肩带力量积极参与划水。根据划水时两臂所处的位置，可以把手臂的配合技术分为三种：即前交叉、中交叉、中前交叉和后交叉。一般优秀运动员都采用中前交叉的技术。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">两臂和呼吸的配合技术<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳技术中的呼吸技术较为复杂，但是它的好坏，将直接影响着划水力量和速度、耐力的发挥。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">自由泳的呼吸和手臂的配合为：一次呼吸<SPAN lang=EN-US>N</SPAN>次划水（<SPAN lang=EN-US>N>2</SPAN>）。吸气时，头随着肩、身体的纵向转动转向一侧，使头在低于水面的波谷中吸气。此时，同侧臂正处在出水转入移臂的阶段。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">移臂时，头转向正常位置。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">同侧臂入水时，开始慢慢呼气，并逐渐用力加快呼气的速度。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">完整的配合技术<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">即呼吸、手臂和腿的配合。因为手臂是产生推进力的主要来源，因此在配合中，呼吸和腿的动作都应该服从于手臂动作的需要。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">呼吸、手臂和腿的配合比例主要由三种：<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>（即一次呼吸，两次手臂动作，两次打腿的动作）；<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>；<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 10.05pt 0cm; WORD-BREAK: break-all; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 180%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">也有极少数优秀运动员采用<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN>的技术。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
页:
[1]