游泳的安全卫生常识
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-294-974411798+ZKLEwY-35">游泳的安全卫生常识</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">游泳是一项深受人们喜爱的体育活动,也是高等院校学生的一门重要技术、技能课程。进行游泳活动或上游泳课都必须十分注意安全,自觉遵守游泳安全和卫生守则,防止发生意外事故和传染疾病。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-507929698+ZKLEwY-38">1</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-507929698+ZKLEwY-38">、确立安全第一观念</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">切实确立安全第一的观念,强化安全教育。俗话说得好:“人命关天”、 “水火无情”、 “欺山莫欺水”。游泳是与水打交道的运动,切记安全第一,不能麻痹大意,必须慎之又慎。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">游泳活动,最好是有组织地进行,或三几人结伴前往,不要独自行动,尤其是在天然水域更不能独自游泳。在游泳时要互相关心、互相照顾,同去同返,中途离开应有所交代。有组织的游泳,如上游泳课,教师须严密组织,经常检查人数,措施必须落实。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-507929698+ZKLEwY-38">2</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-507929698+ZKLEwY-38">、选择安全卫生的游泳场所</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">首先尽量选择人工游泳场馆。人工游泳场馆的管理比较规范,池水经常消毒、排污或过滤,清晰度较高,深水和浅水有明显标志。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">如果到自然水域游泳或上课,一定要先了解水的深浅,水下有无水草、淤泥及旋涡暗流,水质是否清洁等,选择合适水域游泳。如在海边游泳要了解潮汐规律,摸清涨潮、退潮时间,不要远离岸边。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-507929698+ZKLEwY-38">3</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-507929698+ZKLEwY-38">、游泳前严格体检</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">游泳前进行身体检查,主要是防止患病者游泳时发生事故,同时也避免疾病的相互传染。凡患有心脏病、高血压、癫痫、活动性肺结核、传染性肝炎、皮肤病、红眼病、精神病、中耳炎、发烧、开放性创伤者,都不宜游泳。女性月经期游泳要采取卫生措施,未采用措施者不宜下水。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-264177310+ZKLEwY-41">4</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-264177310+ZKLEwY-41">、饮酒、饱食后和饥饿、过度疲劳时不能游泳</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">饮酒能刺激中枢神经系统,使之处于过度兴奋或抑制状态,酒后游泳容易发生溺水事故。饱食后游泳会减少消化器官的血液供应,使消化器官功能降低,影响食物的消化和吸收。另外,由于水的温度和压力会使胃肠的蠕动功能受到影响,容易引起胃痉挛,出现腹痛或呕吐。因此,饭后不要马上游泳,一般需相隔半小时到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: EU-BZ">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">小时后再下水。饥饿时游泳也不好,因为空腹时人体血糖含量下降,游泳时易出现头晕或四肢无力,甚至有昏厥的可能。在剧烈运动或强体力劳动后,人体已经感觉疲劳,肌肉的收缩及反应减弱,动作不易协调,如果马上游泳会造成疲劳的积累,容易引起抽筋,发生溺水事故。因此,在剧烈运动或强体力劳动后,应休息一会儿,待体力恢复正常后再游泳。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-264177310+ZKLEwY-41">5</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-264177310+ZKLEwY-41">、游泳前要做好准备活动</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">准备活动可提高神经系统的兴奋性,增强心血管系统和呼吸系统的功能,加快血液循环和新陈代谢,可使肌肉的力量和弹性增加,身体各关节的活动范围相应加大,灵活性也有所提高。这些变化,有利于身体更好、更快地适应游泳运动的需要;同时,对防止抽筋、拉伤也有积极的作用。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">游泳前的准备运动,一般可做广播操、跑步、游泳模仿动作及各种拉长肌肉和韧带的练习。特别要活动颈、肩、腰、髋、膝、踝、腕各部位的关节。准备活动后稍事休息,然后用冷水沐浴,从头到脚冲洗全身才能下水游泳。这是保持游泳池场水质清洁的重要措施,也是为了使游泳者在下水前先适应冷水刺激,以避免突然下水发生意外。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-264177310+ZKLEwY-41">6</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-264177310+ZKLEwY-41">、量力而行不逞能</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">下水游泳时,初学者应在浅水区域活动。已会游泳者也要量力而行,不要好胜逞能。应合理安排运动量,如自感身体有异常反应时,如头晕、头痛、胃痛、恶心、呕吐等,应立即上岸,擦干身体,休息到恢复后再下水。如过高估计自己的体力和技术而远游,结果无力返回,容易造成溺水事故。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">在游泳时要避免一切危险动作,如在浅水区跳水,互相打闹,过长时间的憋气潜水,在湿滑的池边奔跑追逐,等等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-2019442575+ZKLEwZ-44">7</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-2019442575+ZKLEwZ-44">、自救和呼救</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">游泳时,如遇抽筋,要保持冷静,不能慌张,应立即上岸或在水中自我解救抽筋部位;与此同时,可呼救,以便周围的人及时来帮助、救护。如发现他人抽筋或溺水时,应迅速过去救护(救护方法见本教材第十一章),并同时大声呼救,让周围的人能来与你一起抢救。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-2019442575+ZKLEwZ-44">8</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-2019442575+ZKLEwZ-44">、遵守公共卫生、文明游泳<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">游泳时应讲文明,不要穿内衣裤下水;不宜穿白色、浅黄色等浅色泳装游泳。应自觉遵守公共卫生,不向水中吐痰、便溺或抛弃杂物,以免污染水质,损害自身和他人的健康。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-2019442575+ZKLEwZ-44">9</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: DLF-0-289-2019442575+ZKLEwZ-44">、预防眼耳疾病</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">由于水中有杂质和细菌,游泳者容易产生眼、耳疾病。预防眼病,除要选择干净的游泳场所进行游泳外,还要注意维护公共卫生,经常进行游泳池水净化处理和水质检验。游泳后要向眼中点氯霉素眼药水或金霉素眼药膏,切勿用脏手乱擦眼睛,以防挫伤结膜或使细菌进入眼内。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">游泳时如果有水进入耳内,常常有刺痒、耳鸣等不适感,这时切勿用手指挖耳,以免擦破耳道,招致污水感染,引起中耳炎。水进入耳内时,可把头偏向进水耳朵的一侧,并用同侧的脚连续震跳,使水从耳朵内流出来。或者将头偏向进水耳朵一侧,用手掌紧压耳廓,屏住呼吸,然后迅速提起手掌,反复几次后,就可以吸出水来。实在倒不出水时,也不要着急,应及时请医生诊治,排出耳朵中积水。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">游泳出水后,应及时冲洗身体,然后擦干,穿上衣服,以防感冒。稍休息后,再进食或进行其他活动。</SPAN> <STRONG><FONT color=#154ba0 size=5>学习游泳的安全卫生常识</FONT></STRONG> <P><BR><OBJECT height=0 width=0 classid=CLSID:6BF52A52-394A-11d3-B153-00C04F79FAA6><PARAM NAME="URL" VALUE="http://www.188mb.com/keyhtml/user/liuhua/upload/200791717229745.wma"><PARAM NAME="rate" VALUE="1"><PARAM NAME="balance" VALUE="0"><PARAM NAME="currentPosition" VALUE="0"><PARAM NAME="defaultFrame" VALUE=""><PARAM NAME="playCount" VALUE="1"><PARAM NAME="autoStart" VALUE="-1"><PARAM NAME="currentMarker" VALUE="0"><PARAM NAME="invokeURLs" VALUE="-1"><PARAM NAME="baseURL" VALUE=""><PARAM NAME="volume" VALUE="50"><PARAM NAME="mute" VALUE="0"><PARAM NAME="uiMode" VALUE="full"><PARAM NAME="stretchToFit" VALUE="0"><PARAM NAME="windowlessVideo" VALUE="0"><PARAM NAME="enabled" VALUE="-1"><PARAM NAME="enableContextMenu" VALUE="-1"><PARAM NAME="fullScreen" VALUE="0"><PARAM NAME="SAMIStyle" VALUE=""><PARAM NAME="SAMILang" VALUE=""><PARAM NAME="SAMIFilename" VALUE=""><PARAM NAME="captioningID" VALUE=""><PARAM NAME="enableErrorDialogs" VALUE="0"><PARAM NAME="_cx" VALUE="26"><PARAM NAME="_cy" VALUE="26"><embed width="0" height="0" type="application/x-mplayer2" src="http://www.188mb.com/keyhtml/user/liuhua/upload/200791717229745.wma"></embed></OBJECT><BR></P><P>好帖</P><br><br>[此帖子已被 冬泳网总编 在 2007-9-21 8:45:31 编辑过] 学习了 <BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/200837185013282.jpg"><BR><BR><BR><IMG src="/attachments/Upfiles/200837185056340.jpg"><BR><BR> <FONT color=#1a6be6 size=6><STRONG>上了一堂【游泳安全卫生常识】课</STRONG></FONT> <FONT color=#1a6be6 size=6><STRONG>上了一堂【游泳安全卫生常识】课</STRONG></FONT>
页:
[1]